Three Hermeneutical Horizons in Practice: A Narrative Analysis of 2 Samuel 7
PROJECT • This project offers a biblical-theological interpretation of 2 Samuel 7 using a three-horizons hermeneutic: textual, covenantal (i.e. epochal), and canonical. This method provides a layered understanding of the passage, revealing its significance in immediate context, historical covenants, and the broader biblical narrative.
Read time: 13 min
Summary
This project offers a biblical-theological interpretation of 2 Samuel 7 using the three-horizons of biblical interpretation: textual, covenantal (i.e. epochal), and canonical. This method provides a layered understanding of the passage, revealing its significance in immediate context, historical covenants, and the broader biblical narrative.
Textual Horizon: This layer examines the narrative itself within its literary context. Set during King David's peaceful reign, the key figures include God, David, and the prophet Nathan. The focus is on a pivotal moment: God's covenant with David, promising an enduring dynasty, a future temple, and an everlasting kingdom. David's response, a blend of awe and gratitude, reflects his deep understanding of God's sovereignty and mercy.
Covenantal Horizon: Here, the passage is explored in the context of Israel's covenant history. The era marks a transition from judges to kings, symbolizing a new phase in God's plan. The Davidic covenant echoes and expands previous promises made to Abraham and Jacob, emphasizing a perpetual lineage, a promised land, and a special relationship between God and His people. David's kingship aligns with the guidelines outlined in the Pentateuch, highlighting the continuity and progression of divine covenants.
Canonical Horizon: At this level, 2 Samuel 7 is viewed in the context of the entire biblical canon. The promised Son of David, surpassing the temporary reign of Solomon, points to Jesus Christ as both David's descendant and sovereign Lord. This messianic fulfillment encompasses themes of atonement, the establishment of a true temple (Christ's body), an eternal home for God's people, and the inauguration of a just, eternal kingdom. The New Testament writings further elucidate these themes, showing how Christ actualizes David's covenant.
